The widespread use of imaging techniques such as ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) has increased the detection of asymptomatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The peak incidence of RCC occurs between 60 and 70 years of age, with a 3:2 ratio of males to females. Aetiological factors include lifestyle factors, such as smoking, obesity and hypertension.
Having a first-degree relative with RCC is associated with a significantly increased risk of RCC.
There is no evidence to support primary screening of the general population. Genetic screening of subgroups of patients with a family history of RCC is recommended.
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